TRADEMARKS
Trademarks/brands are the words, trade names,
logos, packaging, shape of the goods, color combination, trade dress
etc. used by a business to display its goods/services. Trademark is an
important form of Industrial Property Rights. It plays a key role in a
consumer economy. As in the case of other forms of Intellectual Property
Rights, trade marks also exhibit the relationships between public and
private interests.
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PATENTS
Patents are statutorily designed real life
legal instruments aimed at protecting inventions. Inventions, in modern
times, are the outcome of well-planned research and development. Patents
act as economic incentives to inventors who put in intellectual labor
to develop new and useful inventions.
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DESIGNS
Designs play a real life role in the modern
world. Designs reflect a synchronization of aesthetics and utility.
Intrinsically rooted in India's rich cultural heritage are innumerable
forms of traditional designs.
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GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION
A Geographical Indication is an indication
that is used to identify agricultural, natural or manufactured goods
originating from a definite geographical territory having a special
quality or reputation or other characteristics. The manufactured goods
should be produced or processed or prepared in that territory.
Geographical Indications encompasses what is known as Appellation of
Origin. An Appellation of Origin is a special kind of Geographical
Indication used on products that have a specific quality that is
exclusively or essentially due to the geographical environment in which
the products are produced.
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INTERGRATED CIRCUITS
An integrated circuit is an electronic device
that combines circuit elements on semiconductor crystal configured to
perform an electronic function. Typically, an integrated circuit
comprises of active electronic devices like transistors or diodes or
passive electronic devices such as resistors and capacitors. These
elements are configured upon a semiconductor crystal such as silicon.
Broadly integrated circuits are classified into microprocessors and
memories.
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PLANT VARIETY PROTECTIONS
Plant variety rights are a form of
intellectual property protection granted to breeders of new varieties of
plants. In a very general sense, a plant variety is a strain of a plant
(or, more often, a crop) that is a pure breed. In other words, for a
plant variety to be protected, it must produce the same type of plant in
every generation, and should be distinct in appearance and
distinguishable from others. Plant variety rights include, inter alia,
royalty rights over a certain identified time period and restrictions on
the propagation and subsequent use of seeds derived from such
varieties.
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COPYRIGHTS
Copyright, is a bundle of rights, which grants protection to the unique expression of ideas. The domain of copyright extends to original literary (which includes computer programs) dramatic, musical, artistic, cinematographic films and sound recording. Copyright assumes supreme importance for authors, artists, architects, composers, music production companies and producers, film production companies, computer programmers and designers.